Bulk cargo transportation is a rather laborious process that requires special attention during loading and transportation.
Bulk and dry bulk cargoes: specifics of sea transportation
Raw materials, products and materials with loading in bulk that do not require packaging, I classify as bulk cargo. This group includes bulk cargo. The difference between an embankment and a bulk lies in the physical properties of the transported goods. If in the first substance / raw material consists of homogeneous particles in the form of granules or lumps, then the bulk mass is heterogeneous and extremely mobile. Mostly both categories of goods are transported without containers in ship holds, hopper cars, containers on road trains, dump trucks, grain carriers and other special equipment. At the same time, the transportation of bulk cargo can be accompanied by certain inconveniences, since non-uniform cargo cannot be packaged.
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How is bulk cargo transportation by sea?
Bulk carriers are used as a vehicle. The transported raw materials are loaded into the hold of the vessel. Depending on the tonnage of water transport, shipments are carried out from 1 thousand to 150 thousand tons. It does not require special laying or fixing, but the following conditions must be created for loading and unloading operations:
- availability of specially equipped berths
- availability of warehouses, grain terminals, special equipment
- good transport interchange
- capacity for transportation of larger consignments
Storage is an important stage in cargo handling. The method and conditions of storage depend, first of all, on the type of cargo. In particular, if we transport iron ore and concentrates, we use open storage areas for temporary storage. Another important aspect of warehouse logistics is the availability of a sufficient amount of warehouse space.
Transportation of grain by sea
The Ukrainian grain market annually demonstrates stable growth dynamics, being one of the five largest world exporters. In particular, at the end of the 2019-2020 marketing year, our farmers provided 15% of the global grain export needs. It is obvious that the increase in the volume of international transportation of agricultural products expands the market for transport services. And here you need to understand that the emergence of new operators presupposes the emergence of both high-quality and dubious services. How to choose a transport operator for the transportation of bulk cargo by sea? Knowing the intricacies of processing such orders will help us find an algorithm for choosing a reliable carrier.
First of all, the carrier must comply with the rules for the carriage of grain by sea, including a list of technological and environmental standards regulated by national and international legal documents:
- Rules for the carriage of grain approved by the Register of Shipping of Ukraine
- “International Code for the Safe Carriage of Grain in Bulk”
- “International Convention for the Safety of Human Life on sea ”(SOLAS-74)
Along with bulk transportation, since 2013, there has been a growth in the market for container transportation of grain. For the implementation of multimodal delivery programs, bulk carriers, railroad and road transport are used. To sell the supply of bagged wheat and other grain crops, 20 or 40-foot Dry Van containers are used as containers.
If bulk cargo transportation is carried out, the use of containers provides a number of undeniable advantages:
- protection of agricultural products from moisture, pollution, pests
- ensuring temperature and humidity standards
- a convenient way to deliver trial lots, small supplies for small businesses
- high safety of grain in unfavorable weather conditions
- optimization of warehouse logistics
- possibility of long-term storage
- reduction of transportation time to the final recipient
< li> wide possibilities of logistic routes
The services of transportation of bulk raw materials also include the delivery of raw materials in granules. It can be processed products of the agricultural sector (meal, bran, residues of wheat, rice, legumes), chemical products (sulfur, sodium, potassium, etc.), mineral fertilizers.
Transportation of granular cargo is carried out using various special equipment:
- Universal tank trucks
- Bulk cargo tank trucks
- Standard containers for bulk loading
- Tank container
Transportation of pulverized cargo (alumina, cement, apatite, potassium-chlorine, etc.), as well as chemical raw materials, requires special professionalism of the freight forwarding company. One of the important stages is the loading of bulk bulk cargo. Reloading is carried out along sealed routes. To comply with environmental protection requirements, the dust collection system must be activated. Otherwise, the controlling service may prohibit work. Also, when loading, take into account such an important point as the change in the porosity of bulk solids during movement. After laying, the particles settle and air is released during the shrinking process. It is recommended to use closed-loop containment systems to capture dust fractions and remove air.
Continuous mechanisms are being introduced to service large cargo flows.
If you need an international supply of dusty or granular substances, transportation of lumpy cargo, sending grain abroad or cargo transportation in Ukraine, for any questions you can get advice and order complex services from the broker and logistics company “GALS MARKET”.
